新型多光谱偏振成像技术研究

	新型多光谱偏振成像技术研究
其他题名	Study of Novel Multispectral PolarimetricImaging Technique
	王东
学位类型	硕士
导师	颜昌翔
	2015-10
学位授予单位	中国科学院大学
学位专业	光学工程
关键词	光谱偏振成像光学系统设计斯托克斯光谱误差分析
摘要	多角度偏振光谱成像技术（MPSI）是一门将成像技术、光谱技术、偏振技术和观测角度融为一体的新型光学探测技术，该技术使人们对目标信息的认知大大提高，极大地提高了遥感数据的信息量，拓宽了数据应用范围，在军民多个领域具有广阔的应用前景，已成为偏振、光谱探测领域的研究热点。MPSI 技术被广泛应用于天文观测、大气探测、生物医学诊断、地球环境监测、目标探测与识别等领域。当前，在宽幅遥感、多角度遥感、多光谱遥感以及静态偏振测量等某单个领域，国内外学者都进行了广泛的研究，但对大幅宽、多手段、同步偏振测量方法的研究还不够成熟。同时随着相关领域不断提高的需求，相关测量的新方法和仪器设计显得非常重要，有必要深入研究新型多光谱偏振成像技术，推动基础理论研究和技术发展，实现宽覆盖、多谱段、多角度、高精度的光谱偏振测量新方法和仪器设计。本文在此基础上，对静态光谱偏振成像的机理、误差分析和高精度装调以及成像仪器的光学系统设计进行了详细的分析和介绍。首先，立足大气探测、目标探测与识别等领域对高精度偏振测量数据的科学需求，调研了国内外相关技术的研究进展，分析了不同的光谱偏振成像仪器的优缺点，总结了光谱偏振成像在不同领域的应用情况，并介绍了课题来源及论文的主要研究内容。其次，研究了基于强度调制技术的静态光谱偏振成像方法的基本理论和相关技术，分别分析了光谱成像技术和偏振成像技术，包括典型色散光谱仪的工作原理和相关的仪器指标参数，以及几种偏振探测的主要方式。然后，对静态光谱偏振成像的强度调制过程建立了数理模型，详细分析了强度调制的机理，对成像过程中的关键技术进行了深入的分析和优化，对调制过程进行了仿真实验和误差分析，并针对偏振光谱调制器中偏振元件间的旋转角度误差提出一种高精度的偏振调制器装调方法，该方法能够在充分利用频谱通道带宽的基础上，装调精度可达到±0.2°，从而保证了复原光谱的精度；搭建了光学实验平台，对强度调制模型进行了光学实验验证。最后，从光谱偏振成像仪器的观测角度、光谱范围、光谱分辨率、幅宽、空间分辨率、偏振测量精度等技术指标入手，从光谱偏振测量角度出发，设计了成像仪器的总体方案，对仪器的光学系统进行选型和设计，并对系统成像效果进行了像质评价。
其他摘要	Multi-angle Polarimetric Spectral Imaging technology (MPSI) is a new type of optical detection technology which integrates imaging technology, spectroscopy technology, polarization technology and viewing angle. MPSI improves people's perception of the target information greatly, enhances the remote sensing data information, broadens the range of data applications, and has broad application prospects in many areas of soldiers and civilians， which has become a hot topic of polarization and spectral detection field which is widely used in areas such as astronomy, atmospheric sounding, biomedical diagnostics, monitoring the Earth's environment, and target detection and identification.Currently, domestic and foreign scholars have carried out extensive research for the single field of wide field remote sensing, multi-angle remote sensing, multispectral remote sensing and polarization measurements of static, but the research of significantly wide, multi-tools, and synchronous polarization measurement method has not been explored enough. Meanwhile, with the increasing demand in related fields, new methods and correlated instruments very important, it is necessary to study new technology of multi-polarization spectral imaging and promote the fundamental research and technological development, to achieve wide coverage, multi-spectral, multi- angle, high-precision polarization measurement methods and new instrument design. On this basis, the mechanism of the static spectropolarimeter imaging, error analysis and high-precision alignment, optical system design of imaging instrument are carried out a detailed analysis and presentation in this paper. Firstly, based on the requirement for high-precision polarization measurement data that are needed in the areas such as atmospheric detection, target detection and recognition, the research progress of related technologies is surveyed. The survey analyzes the advantages and disadvantages of different spectropolarimeter imaging instruments, and summarizes the application of imaging spectropolarimeter in different areas. At the end of the chapter the source of research subject and the main contents of the paper are introduced followed. Secondly, the basic theory and related technologies of static imaging spectropolarimetric method based on intensity modulation techniques were studied. The spectral imaging technology and polarization imaging technology were introduced including the operational principle of typical dispersive spectrometer works and related equipment index parameters, as well as several main ways of polarization imaging. Next, amathematical model of intensity modulation process of static imaging spectropolarimeter is established, and a detailed analysis of the mechanism of intensity modulation is provided. The in-depth analysis and optimization of the key technologies in the imaging process is made. For the rotation angle of the polarization spectrum modulator error between the polarizing element, error analysis are made. The simulated demonstrations of system alignment and spectral-polarimetric imaging are also presented. The results show that the method is sensitive to the relative rotation angle errors between the polarization devices, which has the ability to ensure the full utilization of spectral channels bandwidth and to realize the precise alignment of the spectral-polarimetric modulator with the accuracy up to 0.2°. Thus the method can ensure the recovery of the spectrum precision. The optical experiment system is built and the experiment of the intensity modulation is made. Finally, the observation angle of polarization, spectral range, spectral resolution, width, spatial resolution, polarization measurement accuracy and other technical indicators of the spectral imaging instruments are demonstrated. To the need of these targets, the overall design of the imaging instrument program is made. Considering the need of spectropolarimetry the suitable instrument optics system is selected and designed, and the corresponding imageevaluation islisted.
语种	中文
文献类型	学位论文
条目标识符	http://ir.ciomp.ac.cn/handle/181722/49271
专题	中科院长春光机所知识产出
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	王东. 新型多光谱偏振成像技术研究[D]. 中国科学院大学,2015.

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